Subhash Bodhankar, Shiv Kumar Kushawaha, Prasad Thakurdesai, Vishwaraman Mohan
Background: Garcinol is a polyisoprenylated benzophenone derivative present in the fruit rinds of Garcinia species namely Garcinia indica (common name 'Kokum') and Garcinia cambogia (common name 'Gombogee'). It appears to be involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity of heart tissue when the heart is subjected to oxidative stress in various pathogenic conditions/ chemical agent. But garcinol is associated with severe limitation of instability and poor bioavailability which can be improved complexing cyclodextrin with garcinol (garcinol complex). Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate effect of cyclodextrin with garcinol complex (20 mg/kg), on Iso induced cardiotoxicity and cardiac hypertrophy in rats.Methods: Male Wistar rats (250-300g) were divided into following 4 groups of six animals each. Group 1 was control (distilled water 2 ml/kg/day orally for 18 days and water for injection by i.p. from day 9 to day 18), group 2 was cyclodextrin (cyclodextrin 2 ml/kg/day orally for 18 days and water for injection by i.p. from day 9 to day 18), group 3 Iso (distilled water 2 ml/kg/day orally for 18 days and isoproterenol 1 mg/kg by i.p. from day 9 to day 18), group 4 garcinol complex (20 mg/kg/day orally for 18 days and isoproterenol 1 mg/kg by i.p. from day 9 to day 18). After 24 hrs of last dose of isoproterenol, electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rate were recorded in anaesthetized rats. The animals were sacrificed by overdose of ether. The hearts of animals were isolated for measurement of reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (MDA). Results: Isoproterenol treated rats showed significant myocardial hypertrophy, decreased endogenous antioxidants when compared with the control group animals. The garcinol complex (20 mg/kg) treatment for 18 days showed significant cardioprotective activity by lowering the myocardial hypertrophy, level of lipid peroxidation (MDA content) as well as elevated the level of GSH. The results suggest pre-treatment of garcinol complex (20 mg/kg), may offer potential benefits in the management of cardiotoxicity and cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusion: It is thus concluded that Garcinol Complex (20 mg/kg) administration offered significant protection against isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity and cardiac hypertrophy as well as decreased myocardial injury by preservation of endogenous antioxidants and reduction of lipid peroxidation in rat heart.
